Python Tutorials
Basics in Python
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Add Two Numbers in Python
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Calculator using If Statement in Python
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Functions in Python
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Array in Python
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Classes in Python
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Working with Multiple Classes in Python
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Inheritance in Python
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Polymorphism in Python
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Exception Handling in Python
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Data and Time in Python
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File Handling
Read Text File in Python
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Searching File and Listing Directories in Python
Working with File Properties in Python
File Opening Modes in Python
More Examples
Working with Sleep in Python
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Working with String in Python
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Scraping Data from AJAX Based Website in Python
Scraping Data by Category and Page Number in Python
Login to Website in Python
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Library Functions
Built-in Functions in Python
Modules in Python

File Opening Modes in Python

File Opening Modes in Python programming with descriptions are listed below. You can see in the following table, these modes are used to read/write and work with Files.

File Opening Modes

Modes Description
r Opens a file for reading only. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. This is the default mode.
rb Opens a file for reading only in binary format. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. This is the default mode.
r+ Opens a file for both reading and writing. The file pointer placed at the beginning of the file.
rb+ Opens a file for both reading and writing in binary format. The file pointer placed at the beginning of the file.
w Opens a file for writing only. Overwrites the file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for writing.
wb Opens a file for writing only in binary format. Overwrites the file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for writing.
w+ Opens a file for both writing and reading. Overwrites the existing file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for reading and writing.
wb+ Opens a file for both writing and reading in binary format. Overwrites the existing file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for reading and writing.
a Opens a file for appending. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing.
ab Opens a file for appending in binary format. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing.
a+ Opens a file for both appending and reading. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for reading and writing.
ab+ Opens a file for both appending and reading in binary format. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for reading and writing.
x Open a file for exclusive creation. If the file already exists, the operation fails.
t Open in text mode.
b Open in binary mode.
+ Open a file for updating (reading and writing).

The file Object Attributes

Once a file is opened and you have one file object, you can get various information related to that file.
Here is a list of all attributes related to file object:

Attribute Description
file.closed Returns true if file is closed, false otherwise.
file.mode Returns access mode with which file was opened.
file.name Returns name of the file.
file.softspace Returns false if space explicitly required with print, true otherwise.
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